What is included in a cardiac examination?

The assessment of heart sounds is a crucial component of a cardiac examination. This process typically involves using a stethoscope to listen to the various sounds made by the heart as it beats, including the "lub" and "dub" sounds that indicate the closing of the heart valves. Evaluating heart sounds can help identify normal functioning or detect abnormalities such as murmurs, arrhythmias, or signs of structural heart disease.

Other options like measurement of lung capacity, evaluation of brain activity, and observation of skin color, while they might be relevant in an overall health assessment or specific medical situations, do not directly pertain to the core components of a dedicated cardiac examination. Lung capacity relates to respiratory assessment, brain activity might be observed through neurological evaluations, and skin color could suggest various systemic conditions but does not provide direct information about heart function. Therefore, the assessment of heart sounds is the most pertinent focus in a cardiac examination context.